Laryngeal Cancer

What is the larynx?

Also known as the voice box, the larynx is a structure within the neck that sits above the trachea. It makes it possible for you to make sounds and also lets air pass from the throat to the trachea and lungs. The larynx is divided anatomically into three areas including the supraglottis (above the vocal cords), glottis (at the level of the vocal cords), and subglottis (below the vocal cords)

The larynx serves three important functions: breathing, speaking and swallowing. When cancer develops in the larynx, these functions can become impaired.

What causes laryngeal cancer?

As with most cancers of the mouth and throat, laryngeal cancer is most commonly caused by tobacco and alcohol consumption. Smoke from cigarettes, pipes and cigars all increase the risk of developing laryngeal cancer. In a small proportion of cases, laryngeal cancer is caused by the human papillomavirus. Long and repeated exposure to wood dust, paint fumes and certain chemicals used in metalworking, construction and textile industries can increase the risk of laryngeal cancer.

How common is laryngeal cancer?

There will be approximately 12,500 new cases of laryngeal cancer diagnosed in the United States this year according to the American Cancer Society. The lifetime risk of getting laryngeal cancer is about 1 in 200 in men and 1 in 840 in women. Most people diagnosed with laryngeal cancer are 55 or older, and the average age at diagnosis is 66 years old.

What are the signs and symptoms of laryngeal cancer?

The most common symptoms of laryngeal cancer include persistent throat pain, difficulty swallowing, ear pain, coughing up blood, changes in voice and development of a neck lump. If you develop any of these symptoms, contact our team at Endeavor Health Advanced Neurosciences Center. to book an appointment with our head and neck cancer specialists.

How are laryngeal cancers treated?

The three main treatment options for laryngeal cancers include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. These treatment options can be used alone or in combination with each other, depending on the location, type and stage of the cancer. In cases of advanced laryngeal cancer, removal of the larynx (known as laryngectomy) is performed.